On Measuring the top quark mass using the dilepton decay modes

We demonstrate a new likelihood method for extracting the top quark mass from events of the type ttbar-->bW(l+nu)bW(l+nu) This method estimates the top quark mass correctly from an ensemble of dilepton events. The method proposed by Dalitz and Goldstein [1] is shown to result in a systematic underestimation of the top quark mass. Effects due to the spin correlations between the top and anti-top quarks are shown to be unimportant in estimating the mass of the top quark.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the 1996 DPF/DPB study on new directions for High Energy Physics, Snowmass, Colorad

Osteoporos Int

SummaryThe aim was to meta-analyze randomized controlled trials of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and fracture prevention. Meta-analysis showed a significant 15\uc2\ua0% reduced risk of total fractures (summary relative risk estimate [SRRE], 0.85; 95\uc2\ua0% confidence interval [CI], 0.73\ue2\u20ac\u201c0.98) and a 30\uc2\ua0% reduced risk of hip fractures (SRRE, 0.70; 95\uc2\ua0% CI, 0.56\ue2\u20ac\u201c0.87).IntroductionCalcium plus vitamin D supplementation has been widely recommended to prevent osteoporosis and subsequent fractures; however, considerable controversy exists regarding the association of such supplementation and fracture risk. The aim was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [RCTs] of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and fracture prevention in adults.MethodsA PubMed literature search was conducted for the period from July 1, 2011 through July 31, 2015. RCTs reporting the effect of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on fracture incidence were selected from English-language studies. Qualitative and quantitative information was extracted; random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to generate summary relative risk estimates (SRREs) for total and hip fractures. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran\ue2\u20ac\u2122s Q test and the I2 statistic, and potential for publication bias was assessed.ResultsOf the citations retrieved, eight studies including 30,970 participants met criteria for inclusion in the primary analysis, reporting 195 hip fractures and 2231 total fractures. Meta-analysis of all studies showed that calcium plus vitamin D supplementation produced a statistically significant 15\uc2\ua0% reduced risk of total fractures (SRRE, 0.85; 95\uc2\ua0% confidence interval [CI], 0.73\ue2\u20ac\u201c0.98) and a 30\uc2\ua0% reduced risk of hip fractures (SRRE, 0.70; 95\uc2\ua0% CI, 0.56\ue2\u20ac\u201c0.87). Numerous sensitivity and subgroup analyses produced similar summary associations. A limitation is that this study utilized data from subgroup analysis of the Women\ue2\u20ac\u2122s Health Initiative.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis of RCTs supports the use of calcium plus vitamin D supplements as an intervention for fracture risk reduction in both community-dwelling and institutionalized middle-aged to older adults.2015-10-28T00:00:00Z26510847PMC471583

Comparison of model predictions and speed trial results for a group of 32' wooden trawlers

Speed trial results of six 32' wooden stern, trawlers built to the same design are analyzed to determine the EHP ship Froude number curves in each case and are compared with the model test results of the same design and for the corresponding, displacement, conditions

Man-power needs for marine fisheries by 2000 AD

Formal training of operatives for marine fishing industry started in late forties when the erstwhile Deep Sea Fishing Station commenced training activities. However, organised training for fisheries personnel commenced with the establishment of CIFNET (erstwhile CIFO) and CIFE in the early sixties. The former catered to the manpower needs for operating the fishing vessels while the latter produced the managerial/administrative personnel for shore support. Today a number of fishery colleges and Agricultural colleges supplement the training activities of these two training establishments in fisheries-related disciplines. Accent on innovations of harvest and post harvest technologies of marine capture fisheries has necessitated upgradation and modernisation of training processes of CIFNET. This has been done following a series of studies and evaluations commensurate with the type and kind of technologies, breed and nature of craft and gear Introduced etc. In addition to meeting the domestic needs, the trained manpower is the national wealth which is spared (or development of industry in friendly developing countries to our advantage due to the inflow of foreign exchange. Reckoning the present pace of growth of our marine fishing Industry a projection of the manpower needs for 2000 AD Is attempted In the present paper. The nature and specialities of the human resources that would be needed that time have t)een attempted to be Identified and the innovation to be made in the production process are outlined

Unusual heavy landings of Caranx carangus along Cuddalore Coast

An unusual bunper catch of Caranx carangus was observed in Cuddalore fishing harbour on 26-03-2004.Three fibreglass boats fitted with 9HPp outboard engine of 9m length and 2m width landed a heavy catch of 5.2 tonnes of fish

Performance evaluation of different cost effective leachate treatment methods suitable for developing countries

Leachate has a number of environmental problems and it is characterized by high concentration of organic matter, nitrogen, heavy metals, and chlorinated organic and inorganic salts. Organic content of leachate is generally measured in terms of biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Higher concentrations of pollutants in leachate are the potential source of contamination of both ground and surface waters. Therefore, it necessitates the proper treatment of landfill leachate prior to discharge into natural water sinks. However, on-site "high-tech" treatment systems are unsustainable to low income countries due to large constructional and operational cost. Hence, there is a particular need for low-cost and low-maintenance leachate treatment systems. The main purpose of this study was to identify the efficiency of different cost effective methods to remove pollutants in leachate. A constructed wetland with an area of 16 m2 planted with typhalatifoliawas used to assess its efficiency in removing pollutants. In addition, column study was conducted to evaluate efficiency of low- cost filter materials as a new method to treat leachate. Different mixtures of sand, clay and activated carbon were tested by loading columns with leachate. The efficiencies of column study and wetland were assessed and constructed wetland was found to perform best and it showed good removal efficiency for COD (88.3%), BOD5 (92.1%) and N03-N (66.7%) while 75.1% of COD, 71.2% of BOD5 and 49.3% of N03-N were removed by the mixture of activated carbon, clay and sand (1:1:1 by volume). The results showed that the wetland and mixture of activated carbon, sand and clay filter materials could be used as low-cost alternatives for the treatment of landfill leachat

The Role of Soft skills in Empowering Fresh Engineering Graduates in India

Soft Skills are personal attributes that enables one to interact effectively and harmoniously with other people. During campus recruitment process students with high grades fail to get a job due to poor soft skills. NASSCOM-McKinsey report (2005), states that only 25% of technical students and 10-15% of the general graduates in India are employable. In the recent past the awareness regarding soft skill has increased but the studentrsquos attitude and efforts to imbibe these qualities hasnrsquot.nbspConsidering the above facts it is high time that the present generation should change their attitude towards imbibing soft skills in their daily life. The growing population, increasing number of engineering colleges across the country, shrinking number of job opportunities and volatile market conditions will only add further burden to our younger generation.nbs

Simulation and Implementation of a High Performance Torque Control Scheme of IM Utilizing FPGA

Thi paper presents a novel approach to design and implementation of a high perfromane torque control scheme i.e. direct torque control with space vector modulation(DTC-SVM) of three phase induction motor using Field Programmable gate array (FPGA). The conventional direct torque control (DTC) is one of control scheme that is used commonly in induction motor control system. This method supports a very quick and precise torque response. However, the conventional DTC is not perfect and has some disadvantages. To minimize the ripples of the electromagnetic torque and flux linkage and to fix the variable switching frequency produced in the conventional DTC, this paper proposes improved DTC-SVM concept. Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed scheme can dramatically improve the steady state performance while preserving the dynamic performance of the conventional DTC.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v2i3.20